mesothelioma stage

Mesothelioma tend to grow and spread in unusual ways compared to other tumors. Rather than forming a "lump", mesothelioma tends to extent from the pleural lining to press against the lung or abdominal organs. It also grows along the pleural lining, eventually forming a hard casing around the lung and making it difficult for patients to take a deep breath. Mesothelioma generally does not spread widely to other organs but, rather, tends to extensively involve the chest and lungs or abdominal cavity before spreading to other distant organs, late in the course of the disease. If the disease is detected early, when only limited growth on the pleural lining has occurred (stage I), the tumor is considered potentially curable and an attempt can be made to surgically remove the entire tumor. Usually, however, the tumor is detected later, when it more extensively involves the pleural lining and has possibly invaded surrounding normal structures. In these advanced stages (stages II, III and IV), the cancer symptoms and quality of life

multicystic mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is an uncommon form of cancer, usually associated with prolonged exposure to asbestos, which affects the pleura, a sac which surrounds the lungs, the peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity, or the pericardium, a sac that surrounds the heart.

Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer in which malignant (cancerous) cells are found in the mesothelium, a protective sac that covers most of the body's internal organs. Most people who develop mesothelioma have worked on jobs where they inhaled asbestos particles, or have been exposed to asbestos dust and fibre in other ways, such as by washing the clothes of a family member who worked with asbestos, or by home renovation using asbestos cement products.

The mesothelium is a membrane that covers and protects most of the internal organs of the body. It is composed of two layers of cells: One layer immediately surrounds the organ; the other forms a sac around it. The mesothelium produces a lubricating fluid that is released between these layers, allowing moving organs (such as the beating heart and the expanding and contracting lungs) to glide easily against adjacent structures.

The mesothelium has different names, depending on its location in the body. The peritoneum is the mesothelial tissue that covers most of the organs in the abdominal cavity. The pleura is the membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the wall of the chest cavity. The pericardium covers and protects the heart. The mesothelial tissue surrounding the male internal reproductive organs is called the tunica vaginalis testis. The tunica serosa uteri covers the internal reproductive organs in women.

What causes mesothelioma?

Nearly every mesothelioma case is related to the inhalation of asbestos fibers. There are about 3,000 cases per year (mostly men over the age of 40) and there will be about 300,000 cases before 2030. The disease usually spreads rapidly through the mesothelial cells to the heart and abdominal organs. The life span is typically 24 months after diagnosis, but it depends on what stage the cancer is detected, the health of the patient and other factors.

Although asbestos exposure causes mesothelioma, it has a latency period after exposure that could last 15 to 50 years. This means that someone who worked in a factory with asbestos 40 years ago could be developing the disease now. Anyone who knows they were exposed to loose asbestos fibers should be tested regularly.

Mesothelioma is an extremely deadly disease. The average survival time is about one year from date of diagnosis. About 20% of patients who find their cancer early and treat it aggressively will reach the five-year mark.

If you have Mesothelioma, you were most likely exposed to asbestos. Many asbestos manufacturers and distributors knew for decades that asbestos was hazardous, yet made a business decision not to warn people of those hazards. As a result, you may have a right of recovery against those manufacturers, which can help defray the costs of treatment and provide compensation for your pain and suffering.

Gross Appearance
In their early stages, malignant mesotheliomas appear as multiple small nodules on the parietal or visceral pleura.With time, the nodules grow and may coalesce to form large plaques involving both layers of the pleura, encasing the lungs, and obliterating the pleural space.In the late stages of the disease there may be involvement of the chest wall, mediastinum, and diaphragm. The tumor itself is usually firm and white-yellow.Rarely does the tumor penetrate the lung parenchyma to a depth greater than 1 cm.

Microscopic Features
Mesotheliomas display a wide range of histologic features.The malignant cells may appear epithelial or mesenchymal, or show features of intermediate differentiation (biphasic).The architectural and cellular features may range from well differentiated to anaplastic.The well differentiated tumors can be recognized by their light microscopic appearance, while more poorly differentiated tumors necessitate immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies to reveal their identity.Mesotheliomas are also separated into four histologic categories:epithelial (50%), sarcomatous (15-20%), biphasic (15-20%), and poorly differentiated or undifferentiated (15-20%).

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Mesothelioma Causes and Risk Factors

Mesothelioma is caused by the inhalation of asbestos, a fibrous carcinogenic. These fibres lodge themselves in the lining of the lung affecting the mesothelial cells. Sometimes they cause scarring of the lungs (which is called asbestosis) but this is not cancerous. They can, however, trigger tumour growth between 20 to 50 years after they are inhaled (the average is 35 to 40 years). Asbestos fibres which are swallowed can reach the lining of the abdominal cavity where they play a part in causing peritoneal mesothelioma.



It is generally the case that the longer or more intense the exposure to asbestos the more likely Mesothelioma is to occur. However, there are cases of people getting Mesothelioma years after having worked with it for just a few months. The families of asbestos workers are also at risk as they would possibly have been exposed to asbestos fibres on the clothing of their loved ones.



The dangers of asbestos are now well known, but this was not always the case. Before the 1970s asbestos was a primary insulating material with little or no control in its use or handling. The resulting increase in cases of Mesothelioma is a direct cause of these past practices.